İngilizce de yeterlilik sıfatları veya yapılabilirlik bildiren sıfatları (adjectives of capability or modal adjectives)

İngilizce de yeterlilik sıfatları veya yapılabilirlik bildiren sıfatları (adjectives of capability or modal adjectives)

If you can drink it, it's potable.

If you can eat it, it's edible.

If you can read it, it's legible.

If you can hear it, it's audible.

If you can see it, it's visible.

If you can defend it, it's defensible.

If you can divide it, it's divisible.

If you can maintain it, it's sustainable.

If you can understand it, it's comprehensible.

In linguistics and grammar, these words are primarily known as adjectives of capability or modal adjectives.

Specifically, they are formed using deverbal suffixes—suffixes added to a verb to turn it into an adjective. Here is a breakdown of what makes this list unique:

1. The "-able" and "-ible" Suffixes

These are the most common suffixes used to indicate that an action is possible or fit to be done.

• -able: Usually added to whole English words (e.g., sustain $\rightarrow$ sustainable).

• -ible: Usually added to Latin roots that don't always stand alone in English (e.g., aud- $\rightarrow$ audible).

2. Semantic Category: Potentiality

In semantics, these are often called potential adjectives. They describe the inherent property of an object that allows a specific action to be performed upon it.

3. Quick Reference Table

To see how the transformation works from a "doing" word (verb) to a "being" word (adjective):

Fun Fact: While most of these follow the verb directly (like visible from the Latin videre), "potable" is a "suppletive" form. We don't say "drinkable" in formal contexts as often, though "drinkable" is also a perfectly valid English word!

Türkçe Açıklaması

Vicky’s English videosundaki bu kelime yapısına Türkçede "yeterlilik sıfatları" veya "yapılabilirlik bildiren sıfatlar" denir. İngilizcedeki "-able" ve "-ible" ekleri, Türkçeye genellikle fiil köklerine eklenen "-(y)abilir / -(y)ebilir" veya "-si mümkün" yapılarıyla tercüme edilir.

İşte paylaştığın listenin Türkçe karşılıkları:

Çeviri Tablosu

Dilbilgisi Notu

Türkçede bu sıfatlar genellikle Fiil + Edilgenlik Eki (-il/-in) + Yeterlilik Eki (-ebil) + Sıfat Yapan Ek (-ir) formülüyle oluşturulur:

• Örnek: Okumak (Fiil) $\rightarrow$ Okun- (Edilgen) $\rightarrow$ Okunabil- (Yeterlilik) $\rightarrow$ Okunabilir (Sıfat).

Bu yapı, bir nesnenin o eyleme maruz kalmaya uygun olduğunu veya o potansiyele sahip olduğunu belirtir.